What Is the Post-Modern Portfolio Theory (PMPT)? The post-modern portfolio theory (PMPT) is a portfolio optimization methodology that uses the downside risk of returns instead of the mean variance of investment returns used by the modern portfolio theory (MPT). Both theories describe how risky assets should be valued, and how rational investors should utilize diversification
What Is a Pocket Listing? A pocket listing is a real estate sale offer that is handled by a single broker or salesperson and not made available to multiple listing service (MLS) members or even other colleagues in the same office. A pocket listing may be an option for a seller who insists on privacy
What Is a Point-and-Figure (P&F) Chart? A point-and-figure chart plots price movements for stocks, bonds, commodities, or futures without taking into consideration the passage of time. Contrary to some other types of charts, like candlesticks, which mark the degree of an asset’s movement over set time periods, P&F charts utilize columns consisting of stacked X’s
What Is a Point of Purchase (POP)? A point of purchase (POP) is a term used by marketers and retailers when planning the placement of consumer products, such as product displays strategically placed in a grocery store aisle or advertised in a weekly flyer. Similar to this term is the point of sale (POS), which
What Is a POS? A POS or point of sale is a device that is used to process transactions by retail customers. A cash register is a type of POS. The cash register has largely been replaced by electronic POS terminals that can be used to process credit cards and debit cards as well as
What Is a Point-of-Service (POS) Plan? A point-of-service (POS) plan is a type of managed-care health insurance plan that provides different benefits depending on whether the policyholder uses in-network or out-of-network healthcare providers. A POS plan combines features of the two most common health insurance plans: the health maintenance organization (HMO) and the preferred provider organization
What Are Points? Points can be a percentage of a number or a measurement of the change in a number. Points are used in various contexts in financial matters. They may indicate the interest rate on a mortgage in relation to the prime lending rate or the total size of the fees attached to a
What Is a Poison Pill? “Poison pill” is a colloquial term for a defense strategy used by the directors of a public company to prevent activist investors, competitors, or other would-be acquirers from taking control of the company by buying up large amounts of its stock. Poison pills effectively block the accumulation of stakes above
What Is a Piggyback Mortgage? A piggyback mortgage is additional debt that can include any additional mortgage or loan beyond a borrower’s first mortgage loan, which is secured with the same collateral. Common types of piggyback mortgages include home equity loans and home equity lines of credit (HELOCs). Key Takeaways A piggyback mortgage is any
What Is a Pigovian Tax? A Pigovian (also spelled Pigouvian) tax is a tax assessed against private individuals or businesses for engaging in activities that create adverse side effects for society. Adverse side effects are those costs that are not included as a part of the product’s market price. These include environmental pollution, strains on public healthcare from
