What Is a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)? A memorandum of understanding is an agreement between two or more parties outlined in a formal document. It is not legally binding but signals the willingness of the parties to move forward with a contract. The MOU can be seen as the starting point for negotiations as it
What Are Mountain Range Options? Mountain range options are a family of exotic options based on multiple underlying securities. Mountain range options were first marketed by French securities firm Société Générale in 1998. These options blend some of the key characteristics of basket-style or rainbow options—both of which have more than one underlying security or
What Is a Moving Average (MA)? In finance, a moving average (MA) is a stock indicator commonly used in technical analysis. The reason for calculating the moving average of a stock is to help smooth out the price data by creating a constantly updated average price. By calculating the moving average, the impacts of random
What Is a Moving Average Chart? A moving average (MA) chart is a tool used by technical analysts to track the price movements of a security. It plots average prices over a defined period of time, with the moving average typically overlaid onto a candlestick or bar chart. The bars or candlesticks show the price
What Are Moving Expenses? Moving expenses, to the Internal Revenue Service, are costs that are incurred by a taxpayer related to relocating for a new job or being transferred to a new location. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) eliminated the deduction of moving expenses for tax years 2018 through 2025, except
What Is M-Pesa? M-Pesa is a mobile banking service that allows users to store and transfer money through their mobile phones. M-Pesa was introduced in Kenya as an alternative way for the population of the country to have access to financial services. Safaricom, the largest mobile phone operator in Kenya, launched M-Pesa in 2007. The
Who Is Mr. Copper? Mr. Copper was a popular nickname for Yasuo Hamanaka when he used his position as head of the metal-trading division of the Japanese trading company, Sumitomo, to corner the world copper market. Key Takeaways Mr. Copper, or Yasuo Hamanaka, rose to prominence in the mid-1980s by making aggressive and illegal investment
What Is Mr. Market? Used as an allegory, Mr. Market is an imaginary investor devised by Benjamin Graham and introduced in his 1949 book, The Intelligent Investor. In the book, Mr. Market is a hypothetical investor who is driven by panic, euphoria, and apathy (on any given day), and approaches his investing as a reaction
What Is Material Requirements Planning (MRP)? Material requirements planning (MRP) is a software-based integrated inventory and supply management system designed for businesses. Companies use MRP to estimate quantities of raw materials, maintain inventory levels, and schedule production and deliveries. Key Takeaways Material requirements planning (MRP) is the earliest computer-based inventory management system.MRP helps develop a
What Is a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)? Metropolitan statistical areas (MSA) are delineated by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as having at least one urbanized area with a minimum population of 50,000. Key Takeaways Metropolitan statistical areas (MSA) are delineated by the U.S. OMB as having at least one urbanized area with
