What Are 3P Oil Reserves? 3P oil reserves are the total amount of reserves that a company estimates having access to, calculated as the sum of all proven and unproven reserves. The 3Ps stand for proven, probable, and possible reserves. The oil industry breaks unproven reserves into two segments: those based on geological and engineering
Investopedia / Ellen Lindner What Is a 401(k) Plan? A 401(k) plan is a retirement savings plan offered by many American employers that has tax advantages for the saver. It is named after a section of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (IRC). The employee who signs up for a 401(k) agrees to have a percentage
To pollinate the food we eat and the flowers in our gardens, insects like bees and butterflies rely on a keen sense of smell. “Our sense of smell is terrible compared to most other organisms,” says Robbie Girling, an associate professor of agroecology at the University of Reading in the UK. “[Pollinators] really use odors
When it comes to bat species, Nathusias’ pipistrelle may appear to be relatively unassuming. Found across Europe, it’s about as small as a common pipistrelle, measuring under 2 inches long and weighing only 3 to 8 grams. But even with its petite size, the species can deftly migrate more than 600 miles in a season.
The subterranean fungi known as truffles are best known as human delicacy, often sniffed out with the help of trained pigs or dogs. But it turns out these shrooms are popular outside the mammalian world, too: two common birds in Patagonia are truffle hounds in their own right, according to a new study in Current
In 2013, smugglers in São Paulo were all set to ship a huge cache of fossils out of the Santos Harbor, but before they could, local police swooped in and recovered the contraband. Among the piles of specimens were six large slabs of limestone. Paleontologists finally got their hands on the slabs in 2016, when
Having sturdy jaws is essential for the small marine creatures known as bloodworms. The worms, which grow to about 15 inches in length, spend their lives burrowing through the muddy seafloor and hunting small crustaceans, molluscs, and other worms. “They need their jaws to kill the more active prey,” says Herbert Waite, a marine biochemist
As July passes into August, the tips of broadleaf tree branches all around the mid-Atlantic will come alive with the new generation of Brood X cicadas. A single female cicada can lay up to 600 eggs over several different nests—and though not all of them survive, hundreds of millions will hatch into miniscule nymphs, only
This post has been updated. It was originally published on March 26, 2021. If you live east of the American Rockies, you’re probably used to seeing Northern cardinals zooming around in all four seasons. That’s right, baby—this species sticks around for the toughest weather, unlike other songbirds that only show up in spring and summer.
CATERPILLARS ARE masters of deception. Some imitate sticks and leaves to avoid becoming lunch. Others flash bright colors to convey their toxic nature. A few even wave pumped-up limbs to frighten foes. Despite such impressive maneuvers, humans tend to overlook these wee wonders. But they rarely escape the eye of Samuel Jaffe, an entomologist who’s
