Vegetable Sickness Drawback Slover

Most vegetable garden sicknesses may also be have shyed away from and controlled. Prohibit sickness hurt by way of understanding sicknesses briefly and taking movement.

Commonplace visits to the garden will will help you spot diseased plants quicker than a sickness spreads. Select among the best keep watch over and then art work to prevent long term sickness outbreaks.

Listed here are 25 no longer ordinary vegetable sicknesses. The file is in alphabetical order.

To seem sicknesses and pests specific to the crop you might be emerging, to search out the crop by way of identify throughout the Topic Index and click on on by way of or take a look at plants by way of identify throughout the How To Increase archive.

Anthracnose

Description. Fungus sickness. Over-winters on infected seed, plant debris, or throughout the soil. Wet local weather promotes enlargement; optimum enlargement between 78°F and 86°F.

Damage. Dark brown spherical sunken spot on stems, leaves, pods or fruit. Amenities of lesions would possibly ooze purple spore quite a bit. Reddish discoloration of the leaf veins. Leaves would possibly wither and fall. Plant would possibly die once more.

Susceptible plants. Beans, blackberries, cantaloupe, cucumbers, melons, mint, peppers, pumpkins, rhubarb, squash, tomatoes, watermelons.

Spread. Over-winters in garden in debris of diseased plants. Spread by way of wind, rain, animals, gardeners, tools. Best humidity, best rainfall, and best temperatures encourage spread. Normally found in japanese North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Spray or dust with a difficult and rapid copper- or sulfur-based fungicide every 7 to 10 days. Remove and discard infected plants. Do not save seed infected planting area; use western-grown seed or seed from areas not infected. Rotate plants. Avoid working throughout the garden when it is wet which may end up in spread of spores. Keep tools clean.

Asparagus Rust

Description. Fungus sickness of massed reddish or black spores grows on asparagus ferns.

Damage. Tiny, rust-colored spores mass on asparagus ferns. Black spores mass in overdue summer time. Fern enlargement is retarded. Yield is reduced. Best humidity and wet local weather encourage spread.

Susceptible plants. Asparagus.

Spread. Rust spores are blown by way of the wind or carried by way of gardeners, tools, animals or insects. Spores can over-winter in plant debris. Heavy dew and best humidity encourage this sickness. Found out all over North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Decrease plants to the ground at the end of each season. Remove and damage plant debris. Keep water off of leaves. Use a preventative sulfur spray or dust every 7 to 10 days until 3 or 4 weeks quicker than harvest.

Bacterial Blight

Description. Bacterial sickness. Most essential where humidity is best for long categories.

Damage. Beans: huge brown blotches bordered with yellow or purple on leaves of beans. Water-soaked spots on pods. Pea stems turn purple or as regards to black with regards to the ground. Small water-soaked spots on leaves; yellow to brown spots on pods enlarge to reddish color.

Susceptible plants. Beans, peas.

Spread. Bacteria enter plants by way of small openings and wounds. Spread by way of wind, infected seeds. Over-winters in plant debris. Most essential where humidity remains best for long categories. Found out all over mid-North The U.S., alternatively infrequently west of the Rocky Mountains.

Prevention and controls. Remove infected plants and discard them. Bacterial blight can’t be cured. Do not save seed from infected area. Rotate plants. Avoid working throughout the garden when it is wet; this will sometimes result in spread of sickness.

Bacterial Wilt

Description. Bacterial sickness that clogs the capillaries transporting water and nutrients by way of plants. Now not ordinary in rainy soils; energetic where temperatures are greater than 75°F. Bacteria lives inside of cucumber beetles and may also be transmitted to vine plants by way of their feces.

Damage. Begins with wilting of a few leaves or a small portion of the vine. Wilt spreads to finish plant inside of each and every week or so. When the vine is decrease, white ooze will glide from the stem.

Susceptible plants. Vine plants: beans, cucumber, muskmelon, pumpkin, squash, tomato, watermelon, and corn.

Spread. Cucumber beetles, infected seedlings, soil, and water. Sickness is most essential in central, southern, and japanese United States.

Prevention and controls. Remove and damage infected plants quicker than the sickness spreads. Keep watch over cucumber beetles with rotenone or sabadilla. Wash arms and clean tools with a bleach solution.

Bean Rust

Description. Fungus sickness of reddish orange to brown spore quite a bit that explanation why leaves to drop.

Damage. Numerous, tiny, rust-colored spots appear on leaves of mature plants. Fungus would possibly first appear as whitish raised spots on the underside of leaves. Leaves turn yellow and die. Best humidity and wet local weather encourage spread.

Susceptible plants. Beans.

Spread. Rust spores are blown by way of the wind or carried by way of gardeners, tools, animals or insects. Spores can over-winter in plant debris. Heavy dew and best humidity choose this sickness. Found out all over North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Rotate plants. Remove and damage plant debris. Keep water off of leaves. Spray or dust with a sulfur spray every 7 to 10 days until the sickness is controlled.

Blackleg

Description. A fungus sickness resulting in dry rot. Carried on seed and lives throughout the soil. Most essential in humid or rainy local weather.

Damage. Sunken areas increase on lower stem, blacken, and girdle the stem. Gray spots and speck with black dots appear on leaves and stems. Leaf edges wilt and turn bluish or purple. Plant wilts and dies.

Susceptible plants. Potatoes.

Spread. Infected seed. Spores can over-winter for 1 or 2 years in plant debris. Rain can spread spores. Tools. Black leg is positioned in central, southern, and japanese North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Fixed copper fungicides. Remove and damage infected plants. Rotate plants. Clean up plant debris.

Black Rot

Description. Bacterial sickness impressed by way of wet local weather.

Damage. Infects more youthful and mature plants. Seedlings turn yellow and die. Mature plants increase wedge-shaped yellow spaces and margins which make larger to middle of leaf. Leaves brown, die, and drop. Vascular tubes in plant turn black and foul smelling. Heads of plants would possibly rot.

Susceptible plants. Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, Chinese language language cabbage, collards, kohlrabi, turnips.

Spread. Bacteria over-winters in soil and plant debris. Rain, flooring water, and insects can spread sickness. Found in central, southern, and japanese United States.

Prevention and controls. Cannot be remedied. Remove and damage infected plants. Clean garden in fall. Follow micronized sulfur to inside sight alternatively uninfected plants ever 7 days until harvest.

Blossom End Rot

Description. Environmental components explanation why blossom end rot, not a pathogen. Atypical watering–water, then drought, then water, then drought–specifically when the fruit is forming is one explanation why. Quite a lot of water may additionally explanation why blossom end rot. A calcium imbalance throughout the soil may additionally result in insufficient water uptake.

Damage. Cells at the end of the blossom fail to acquire sufficient water; the blossom end of fruit becomes dry, sunken, and leathery in tomatoes. Peppers can turn brown-black or light-colored and papery at the blossom end. A part of each fruit may be affected.

Susceptible plants. Tomatoes, peppers, watermelons, squash.

Prevention and controls. Take care of consistent and even soil moisture. Mulch and cultivate best shallowly all through drought. The soil pH will have to be between 6.0 and 7.0, add limestone which comprises calcium if the pH is underneath 6.0.

Botrytis Rot — Neck Rot

Description. Fungus sickness that in most cases attacks onions in storage and over-winters in infected bulbs.

Damage. Leaves change into water-soaked, gray to brown. Neck tissue of onions, garlic, and chives change into brownish and soft. Dry rot occurs after harvest. In the end, all the bulb would possibly rot.

Susceptible plants. Onions, chives, garlic, marjoram, oregano, rosemary, thyme. Sweet onions are most inclined.

Spread. Fungus over-winters in plant debris. Prolonged wet local weather will put it on the market infections.

Prevention and controls. Keep soil healthy and rich. Remove plant debris from the garden at the end of the season. Keep plants leaves dry when watering; water at the base of the plant. Allow plants to mature totally quicker than harvesting. Remedy and store onions quicker than storing. Do not store bulbs that have been bruised or damaged.

Clubroot

Description. A fungal sickness which lives throughout the soil and enters a plant by way of its roots.

Damage. Roots change into enlarged and swollen (clubbed) and begin to malfunction. They’re going to crack or rot. More youthful plants are killed. Older plants have reduced yields. Vegetation yellow and wilt all through the day; leaf heads are small. Vegetation would possibly recover from wilt at night time.

Susceptible plants. Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, Chinese language language cabbage, collards, kohlrabi, turnips.

Spread. Fungal spores spread from infected plants by way of wind, water, or tools. Spores live on for at least 7 years.

Prevention and controls. Remove diseased plants from the garden. Use a 4-year rotation. Clubroot prospers in acid soil; add lime if the soil pH is underneath 6.0. Lift the pH to 7.2. Increase seedlings in a sterile soil mix.

Corn Smut

Description. Fungus sickness causes gray-white galls on corn seedlings, stalks, and ears.

Damage. Whitish-gray galls appear on the ear or other part of corn plant. Galls mature, turn black, and burst releasing hundreds of spores.

Susceptible plants. Corn

Spread. Fungal spores are spread by way of wind or transmitted by way of other folks and power. Warmth dry local weather encourages spread.

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Remove and damage galls quicker than galls damage open. Follow sulfur- or copper-based fungicide every 7 to 10 days. Remove all crop debris. Rotate plants. Do not compost diseased plants.

Curly Top

Description. Curly top is a viral sickness. Leaves pucker, curl, and twist. Plant enlargement is stunted.

Damage. Leaves curl and yellow. Vegetation change into stunted. Fruit does not set or yield is reduced.

Susceptible plants. Beans, muskmelons, pumpkins, tomatoes, watermelons.

Spread. Whiteflies and leafhoppers transmit the virus.

Prevention and controls. Curly top cannot be cured. Plant resistant varieties. Remove and damage infected plants. Keep watch over weeds, insects, and nematodes. Quilt plants with row covers if leafhoppers are a subject matter throughout the garden.

Damping Off

Description. Sclerotinia fungus sickness lives throughout the soil, specifically where is best humidity and warmth temperatures.

Damage. Base of the stem with regards to the soil is pinched and bent over causing seedling to die.

Susceptible plants. Basil, beans, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, celery, Chinese language language cabbage, chives, collards, kohlrabi, lettuce, marjoram, onions, savory, spinach, tomatoes.

Spread. Fungus lives throughout the soil, principally in seed beds. Fungus can spread by means of transported soil or tools. Sickness is supply all over North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Plant in well-drained soil. Use a sterile seed-starting mix. Water seedlings from underneath. Allow the soil flooring to dry quicker than nightfall. Use a fan to stick the air circulating.

Downy Mold

Description. A fungal sickness that prospers where nights are wet and cool and days are warmth and humid. Fungus over-winters in crop and garden debris and spreads by way of infected seeds.

Damage. Yellowish to delicate green areas on the flooring of older leaves. A felt-like, whitish enlargement will increase on the underside of leaves. A white, felt-like enlargement paperwork on the pods of beans, with a imaginable reddish discoloration around the white areas. Most no longer ordinary to the japanese US because of best humidity and cool temperatures put it on the market spread.

Susceptible plants. Beans, cauliflower, chard, cantaloupes, cucumbers, lettuce, melons, onions, pumpkins, radishes, spinach, squash, tarragon, turnips, watermelons.

Spread. Spores may also be carried by way of insects, wind, rain, and power. Spore production is biggest where temperatures are cooler than 65°F and humidity is with regards to 100 computer. Now not ordinary throughout the japanese United States where there are cool temperatures and best humidity.

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Smash infected plants and all crop debris. Rotate plants each 365 days. Avoid wetting tops of plants when watering. Spray or dust with a copper-based fungicide every 7 to 10 days until harvest.

Early Blight

Description. Fungus sickness that over-winters in plant debris.

Damage. Atypical dark spots appear on older leaves followed by way of a chain of concentric dark rings. Spots in most cases appear on older leaves first. Defoliation can practice. Collar rot at soil level girdles the stems of tomatoes. Cankers or decay can form on fruit and tubers. Warmth, wet local weather would possibly motive the sickness to spread hastily over all the plant. Yield is reduced.

Susceptible plants. Celery, potatoes, tomatoes.

Spread. Spores over-winter in plant debris. They can be spread by way of wind or insects. Spread is encouraged by way of heavy dew, rainfall, and warmth temperatures. Early blight in came upon all over North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Plant healthy seed potatoes and tomato seedlings. Rotate plants. Keep garden free of plant debris. Spray or dust with copper-based fungicide every 7 to 10 days.

Fusarium Wilt

Description. Fungal sickness which infects plant vascular tissues. Fungus lives throughout the soil and infects plants all the way through the roots. Fungus prefers warmth, dry local weather with soil temperatures between 60°F and 90°F.

Damage. Leaves and stems turn yellow ranging from the ground of the plant. Vegetation wilt and change into stunted. Yields are reduced. Vegetation would possibly die.

Susceptible plants. Cabbage (known as fusarium yellows), celery (known as yellows), melons, peas (pea wilt), potatoes, spinach, tomatoes, turnips, watermelons.

Spread. Spores can are living throughout the soil for up to 20 years. Water and striped cucumber beetles can carry the sickness. Fusarium wilt isn’t ordinary all over the United State, specifically from the Rocky Mountain east.

Prevention and controls. Plant sickness resistant varieties. Rotate plants. Remove and damage infected plants. Fungicides are not environment friendly.

Past due Blight

Description. Fungus sickness that attacks plants when they blossom.

Damage. Water-soaked round spots or patches form on leaves. Leaf spots turn brownish black; a white fungal enlargement would possibly form on the underside of leaves. Leaf stalks and stems would possibly change into soft and blighted.

Susceptible plants. Celery, potatoes, tomatoes.

Spread. Fungus over-winters in plant debris. Seed, water, and wind can carry the sickness. Rainy, foggy local weather with temperatures between 70°F and 80°F all through the day and 20 ranges cooler at night time are favorable to overdue blight.

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Plant clean seed potatoes. Rotate plants. Keep garden clean of plant debris. Spray or dust with copper-based fungicide every 7 to 10 days.

Leaf Spot

Description. Fungus sickness that attacks leaves, additionally known as Septoria leaf spot or Septoria blight.

Damage. Leaves are dotted with small spots, gray on tomatoes or tan to delicate brown on blackberries. Spot will have purplish borders. As spots enlarge, black dots will appear throughout the middle. The sickness would possibly explanation why leaves to drop.

Susceptible plants. Blackberries, parsley, tomatoes.

Spread. Seeds, rain, wind will transmit the sickness, moreover transmitted by way of working with wet plants. Occurs in central and japanese United States.

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Rotate plants. Keep garden free of plant debris. Follow copper dust or liquid copper spray every 7 to 10 days.

Alternaria Leaf Spot

Small yellow spots that appear first on older leaves are a symptom of this fungal blight. The ones spots gradually enlarge and change into dark-colored areas filled with concentric rings.

Alternaria leaf blight is particularly problematic for plants throughout the cabbage and squash families. Strawberries and carrots are also inclined. When alternaria infects broccoli and cauliflower plants, it’ll explanation why brown areas on the heads. As with most fungal sicknesses, alternaria prospers in warmth, wet local weather. The spores are spread by way of wind and are able to enter leaf tissues when foliage has been continuously rainy for 24 hours. The fungus overwinters on plant debris in and around the garden, and can also be transmitted by way of seed.

Mosaic

Description. Mosaic, no longer ordinary mosaic and tobacco mosaic: viral sicknesses that stunts plant enlargement. Mosaic over-winters in perennial weeds and is transmitted by way of aphids and cucumber beetles.

Damage. Leaves change into mottled yellow and green and would possibly curl and crinkle. Vegetation are stunted. Yields are reduced. Infected fruit is mottled, bumpy, and misshapen and will ripen unevenly.

Susceptible plants. Beans, cucumbers, lettuce, melons, peppers, potatoes, raspberries, squash, tomatoes, watermelons.

Spread. Mosaic cannot be cured. Aphids and spotted or striped cucumber beetles can spread mosaic to inclined plants. Mosaic over-winters in perennial weeds. The virus can also be spread by way of people working with infected plants. Mosaic may also be came upon all over North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Mosaic can’t be cured. Remove and damage diseased plants. Plant healthy seed. Plant mosaic-resistant varieties. Keep perennial weeds out of the garden. Keep watch over aphids and cucumber beetles with insecticidal cleansing cleaning soap or a light horticultural oil spray. Do not art work with plants when they are wet.

Powdery Mold

Description. Fungus sickness that lives in soil and plant debris. Impressed by way of low soil moisture and best humidity.

Damage. Gray, white, or brown velvety mold grows on surfaces of leaves and more youthful stems. Mold spreads to finish plant. Leaves would possibly yellow and curl then plant would possibly wither and die.

Susceptible plants. Apples, blackberries, blueberries, cherries, cucumbers, melons, peas, plums, pumpkins, raspberries, sage, squash, strawberries, tarragon, watermelons.

Spread. Over-winters in plant debris, moreover in apple and plum buds. Spores are spread by way of water and wind. Found out all over North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Remove and damage infected plants and keep garden clean of plant debris and weeds. Allow house between plants for air movement. Rotate plants. Disinfect garden tools clean; use one section bleach to 4 parts water solution. Spray or dust with sulfur or copper-based fungicide every 7 days.

Root Rot

Description. Fungus sickness that lives throughout the soil and affects plant vascular gadget.

Damage. Leaves yellow and reduce stems wither. Vegetation expand dangerous. Roots covered with mold. Vegetation do not respond to water and fertilizer.

Susceptible plants. Beans, carrots, corn, peas.

Spread. Fungus lives throughout the soil. It can be spread with infected soil and by way of water. Clean tools after use.

Prevention and controls. Remove and damage infected plants. Plant in well-drained soil. Water a lot much less regularly alternatively for longer categories so that water reaches deep in soil. Rotate plants. Lift beds if the soil is simply too wet. Keep watch over damaging nematodes with really helpful nematodes.

Scab

Description. Fungus sickness causes scab-like enlargement on cucumbers, potatoes, watermelons, peaches, and other finish outcome.

Damage. Dark, sunken or water-soaked spots on vegetable leaves that result in wilt. Stems can increase cankers. Fruit develops gray, sunken spots. Potatoes increase brown, difficult, unusual spots or lesions. Dark, greenish spots appear on phase grown apricots and peaches.

Susceptible plants. Apricots, beets, cucumbers, melons, peaches, potatoes, pumpkins, squash, watermelons.

Spread. Scab over-winters in garden debris and soil. It is transmitted to plants by way of the wind. Cool, humid local weather encourages spread. Scab is positioned all over North The U.S..

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Rotate plants. Remove and damage infected vegetable plants. Keep garden free of plant debris. For fruit timber, use sulfur spray or dust 2 to a couple of weeks after petals drop.

Sunscald

Description. Sunscald is an environmental disorder resulted in by way of a great deal of exposure to sun specifically all through sizzling, dry local weather.

Damage. Large, unusual, paper-like white spots on fruit after prolonged exposure to the sun. White or reddish spots would possibly increase on leaves. Dark molds would possibly expand on scalded areas. Sunscald can occur when leaves drop on account of unrelated sickness or environmental problems.

Susceptible plants. Tomatoes, peppers, apples, cherries.

Prevention and controls. Keep watch over sicknesses that explanation why leaves to drop exposing fruit or stems and trunks to the sun. Plant varieties resistant to sicknesses which may end up in leaf drop. Plant varieties with heavy foliage. Fertilize and water as it should be.

Verticillium Wilt

Description. Fungal an an infection of vascular tissues causing wilting. Soil-dwelling fungus infects plants by way of plant roots.

Damage. Leaves and stems turn yellow. Vegetation wilt. Stems turn brown. Plant enlargement is stunted, and yields are reduced.

Susceptible plants. Apricots, blackberries, cherries, eggplants, melons, mint, okra, peaches, plums, potatoes, raspberries, rhubarb, sage, strawberries, tomatoes.

Spread. Verticillium wilt lives throughout the soil and over-winters in plant debris. It could most probably spread all through cultivation or by way of running water. Perennial weeds can host verticillium wilt and transmit it to plants.Fungus develops all through cool, humid local weather.

Prevention and controls. Plant resistant varieties. Follow 4-year rotation. Use a sulfur fungicide ever 7 to 10 days to keep watch over sickness.

Yellows – Aster Yellows

Description. Sickness resulted in by way of mycoplasmas bacteria.

Damage. Leaves turn yellow, then brown, then drop. Plant becomes stunted. Yields are reduced.

Susceptible plants. Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, celery, Chinese language language cabbage, collards, kohlrabi, lettuce, spinach.

Spread. Mycoplasmas over-winters in weeds and other perennial plants. Sickness is spread by way of leafhoppers.

Prevention and controls. Yellows can’t be cured. Remove and damage infected plants. Keep weeds which host leafhoppers decrease. Keep watch over leafhoppers with diatomaceous earth, insecticidal cleansing cleaning soap, liquid rotenone or pyrethrum, or horticultural spray oil.